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What’s the advantage of using System.Text.StringBuilder
over System.String? StringBuilder is more efficient in
the cases, where a lot of manipulation is done to the
text. Strings are immutable, so each time it’s being
operated on, a new instance is created.
Can you store multiple data types in System.Array?
What’s the difference between the System.Array.CopyTo()
and System.Array.Clone()? The first one performs a deep
copy of the array, the second one is shallow.
How can
you sort the elements of the array in descending order?
By calling Sort() and then Reverse() methods.
What’s the .NET datatype that allows the retrieval of
data by a unique key? HashTable.
What’s class SortedList underneath? A sorted HashTable.
Will finally block get executed if the exception had not
occurred? Yes.
What’s the C# equivalent of C++ catch (…), which was a
catch-all statement for any possible exception? A catch
block that catches the exception of type
System.Exception. You can also omit the parameter data
type in this case and just write catch {}.
Can multiple catch blocks be executed? No, once the
proper catch code fires off, the control is transferred
to the finally block (if there are any), and then
whatever follows the finally block.
Why is it a bad idea to throw your own exceptions? Well,
if at that point you know that an error has occurred,
then why not write the proper code to handle that error
instead of passing a new Exception object to the catch
block? Throwing your own exceptions signifies some
design flaws in the project.
What’s a delegate? A delegate object encapsulates a
reference to a method. In C++ they were referred to as
function pointers.
What’s a multicast delegate? It’s a delegate that points
to and eventually fires off several methods.
How’s the DLL Hell problem solved in .NET? Assembly
versioning allows the application to specify not only
the library it needs to run (which was available under
Win32), but also the version of the assembly.
What are the ways to deploy an assembly? An MSI
installer, a CAB archive, and XCOPY command.
What’s a satellite assembly? When you write a
multilingual or multi-cultural application in .NET, and
want to distribute the core application separately from
the localized modules, the localized assemblies that
modify the core application are called satellite
assemblies.
What namespaces are necessary to create a localized
application? System.Globalization, System.Resources.
What’s the difference between // comments, /* */
comments and /// comments? Single-line, multi-line and
XML documentation comments.
How do you generate documentation from the C# file
commented properly with a command-line compiler? Compile
it with a /doc switch.
What’s the difference between <c> and <code> XML
documentation tag? Single line code example and
multiple-line code example.
Is XML case-sensitive? Yes, so <Student> and <student>
are different elements.
What debugging tools come with the .NET SDK? CorDBG –
command-line debugger, and DbgCLR – graphic debugger.
Visual Studio .NET uses the DbgCLR. To use CorDbg, you
must compile the original C# file using the /debug
switch.
What does the This window show in the debugger? It
points to the object that’s pointed to by this
reference. Object’s instance data is shown.
What does assert() do? In debug compilation, assert
takes in a Boolean condition as a parameter, and shows
the error dialog if the condition is false. The program
proceeds without any interruption if the condition is
true.
What’s the difference between the Debug class and Trace
class? Documentation looks the same. Use Debug class for
debug builds, use Trace class for both debug and release
builds.
Why are there five tracing levels in
System.Diagnostics.TraceSwitcher? The tracing dumps can
be quite verbose and for some applications that are
constantly running you run the risk of overloading the
machine and the hard drive there. Five levels range from
None to Verbose, allowing to fine-tune the tracing
activities.
Where is the output of TextWriterTraceListener
redirected? To the Console or a text file depending on
the parameter passed to the constructor.
How do you debug an ASP.NET Web application? Attach the
aspnet_wp.exe process to the DbgClr debugger.
What are three test cases you should go through in unit
testing? Positive test cases (correct data, correct
output), negative test cases (broken or missing data,
proper handling), exception test cases (exceptions are
thrown and caught properly).
Can you change the value of a variable while debugging a
C# application? Yes, if you are debugging via Visual
Studio.NET, just go to Immediate window.
Explain the three services model (three-tier
application). Presentation (UI), business (logic and
underlying code) and data (from storage or other
sources).
What are advantages and disadvantages of
Microsoft-provided data provider classes in ADO.NET?
SQLServer.NET data provider is high-speed and robust,
but requires SQL Server license purchased from
Microsoft. OLE-DB.NET is universal for accessing other
sources, like Oracle, DB2, Microsoft Access and
Informix, but it’s a .NET layer on top of OLE layer, so
not the fastest thing in the world. ODBC.NET is a
deprecated layer provided for backward compatibility to
ODBC engines.
What’s the role of the DataReader class in ADO.NET
connections? It returns a read-only dataset from the
data source when the command is executed.
What is the wildcard character in SQL? Let’s say you
want to query database with LIKE for all employees whose
name starts with La. The wildcard character is %, the
proper query with LIKE would involve ‘La%’.
Explain ACID rule of thumb for transactions. Transaction
must be Atomic (it is one unit of work and does not
dependent on previous and following transactions),
Consistent (data is either committed or roll back, no
“in-between” case where something has been updated and
something hasn’t), Isolated (no transaction sees the
intermediate results of the current transaction),
Durable (the values persist if the data had been
committed even if the system crashes right after).
What connections does Microsoft SQL Server support?
Windows Authentication (via Active Directory) and SQL
Server authentication (via Microsoft SQL Server username
and passwords).
Which one is trusted and which one is untrusted? Windows
Authentication is trusted because the username and
password are checked with the Active Directory, the SQL
Server authentication is untrusted, since SQL Server is
the only verifier participating in the transaction.
Why would you use untrusted verificaion? Web Services
might use it, as well as non-Windows applications.
What does the parameter Initial Catalog define inside
Connection String? The database name to connect to.
What’s the data provider name to connect to Access
database? Microsoft.Access.
What does Dispose method do with the connection object?
Deletes it from the memory.
What is a pre-requisite for connection pooling? Multiple
processes must agree that they will share the same
connection, where every parameter is the same, including
the security settings. |