It occurs when two or more processes are reading or writing some shared data and the final result depends on who runs precisely when.

Question 2: What is multiprogramming?

Multiprogramming is a rapid switching of the CPU back and forth between processes.

Question 3: Name the seven layers of the OSI Model and describe them briefly.

Physical Layer - covers the physical interface between devices and the rules by which bits are passed from one to another.

Data Link Layer - attempts o make the physical link reliable and provides the means to activate, maintain, and deactivate the link.

Network Layer - provides for the transfer of information between end systems across some sort communications network.

Transport Layer - provides a mechanism for the exchange of data between end system.

Session Layer - provides the mechanism for controlling the dialogue between applications in end systems.

Presentation Layer - defines the format of the data to be exchanged between applications and offers application programs a set of data transformation services.

Application Layer - provides a means for application programs to access the OSI environment.

Question 4: What is the difference between TCP and UDP?

TCP and UDP are both transport-level protocols. TCP is designed to provide reliable communication across a variety of reliable and unreliable networks and internets.

UDP provides a connectionless service for application-level procedures. Thus, UDP is basicallyan unreliable service; delivery and duplicate protection are not guareented.

Question 5: What does a socket consists of?

The combination of an IP address and a port number is called a socket