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Placement
Papers >>
Hardware Questions
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X86 Interview
Questions
- What is
a Microprocessor? - Microprocessor is a
program-controlled device, which fetches the instructions
from memory, decodes and executes the instructions. Most
Micro Processor are single- chip devices.
- Give
examples for 8 / 16 / 32 bit Microprocessor? - 8-bit
Processor - 8085 / Z80 / 6800; 16-bit Processor - 8086 /
68000 / Z8000; 32-bit Processor - 80386 / 80486.
- Why 8085
processor is called an 8 bit processor? - Because 8085
processor has 8 bit ALU (Arithmetic Logic Review).
Similarly 8086 processor has 16 bit ALU.
- What is
1st / 2nd / 3rd / 4th generation processor? - The
processor made of PMOS / NMOS / HMOS / HCMOS technology is
called 1st / 2nd / 3rd / 4th generation processor, and it
is made up of 4 / 8 / 16 / 32 bits.
- Define
HCMOS? - High-density n- type Complimentary Metal Oxide
Silicon field effect transistor.
- What
does microprocessor speed depend on? - The processing
speed depends on DATA BUS WIDTH.
- Is the
address bus unidirectional? - The address bus is
unidirectional because the address information is always
given by the Micro Processor to address a memory location
of an input / output devices.
- Is the
data bus is Bi-directional? - The data bus is
Bi-directional because the same bus is used for transfer of
data between Micro Processor and memory or input / output
devices in both the direction.
- What is
the disadvantage of microprocessor? - It has
limitations on the size of data. Most Microprocessor does
not support floating-point operations.
- What is
the difference between microprocessor and microcontroller?
- In Microprocessor more op-codes, few bit handling
instructions. But in Microcontroller: fewer op-codes, more
bit handling Instructions, and also it is defined as a
device that includes micro processor, memory, & input /
output signal lines on a single chip.
- What is
meant by LATCH? - Latch is a D- type flip-flop used as
a temporary storage device controlled by a timing signal,
which can store 0 or 1. The primary function of a Latch is
data storage. It is used in output devices such as LED, to
hold the data for display.
- Why does
microprocessor contain ROM chips? - Microprocessor
contain ROM chip because it contain instructions to execute
data.
- What is
the difference between primary & secondary storage device?
- In primary storage device the storage capacity is
limited. It has a volatile memory. In secondary storage
device the storage capacity is larger. It is a nonvolatile
memory. Primary devices are: RAM / ROM. Secondary devices
are: Floppy disc / Hard disk.
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Difference between static and dynamic RAM? - Static
RAM: No refreshing, 6 to 8 MOS transistors are required to
form one memory cell, Information stored as voltage level
in a flip flop. Dynamic RAM: Refreshed periodically, 3 to 4
transistors are required to form one memory cell,
Information is stored as a charge in the gate to substrate
capacitance.
- What is
interrupt? - Interrupt is a signal send by external
device to the processor so as to request the processor to
perform a particular work.
- What is
cache memory? - Cache memory is a small high-speed
memory. It is used for temporary storage of data &
information between the main memory and the CPU (center
processing unit). The cache memory is only in RAM.
- What is
called “Scratch pad of computer”? - Cache Memory is
scratch pad of computer.
- Which
transistor is used in each cell of EPROM? - Floating
–gate Avalanche Injection MOS (FAMOS) transistor is used in
each cell of EPROM.
-
Differentiate between RAM and ROM? - RAM: Read / Write
memory, High Speed, Volatile Memory. ROM: Read only memory,
Low Speed, Non Voliate Memory.
- What is
a compiler? - Compiler is used to translate the
high-level language program into machine code at a time. It
doesn’t require special instruction to store in a memory,
it stores automatically. The Execution time is less
compared to Interpreter.
- Which
processor structure is pipelined? - All x86 processors
have pipelined structure.
- What is
flag? - Flag is a flip-flop used to store the
information about the status of a processor and the status
of the instruction executed most recently
- What is
stack? - Stack is a portion of RAM used for saving the
content of Program Counter and general purpose registers.
- Can ROM
be used as stack? - ROM cannot be used as stack because
it is not possible to write to ROM.
- What is
NV-RAM? - Nonvolatile Read Write Memory, also called
Flash memory. It is also know as shadow RAM.
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